What Is a TFN?
A Tax File Number (TFN) is a unique 9-digit number issued by the Australian Tax Office (ATO). Every person who earns income in Australia needs one. Without it, your employer is legally required to withhold 47% of your salary (the highest marginal tax rate) until you provide your TFN.
Who Can Apply
International students on a student visa (subclass 500) are entitled to apply for a TFN. You can apply as soon as you arrive — you do not need to have a job yet.
How to Apply (Online)
- Go to ato.gov.au/individuals/tax-file-number/apply-for-a-tfn
- Select "Foreign passport holder, migrant or permanent resident"
- Complete the online form — you'll need: passport number, visa details, Australian address, email address
- Submit and note down your application reference number
Processing Time
TFNs are usually issued within 5–10 business days and arrive via email or myGov. Once you have your TFN, provide it to your employer immediately on your tax declaration form.
Important: Keep Your TFN Private
Your TFN is sensitive financial information. Only provide it to your employer, bank, and the ATO — never share it unnecessarily or via messaging apps.
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